Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Leviticus 7:12
If he offer it for a thanksgiving, then he shall offer with the sacrifice of thanksgiving unleavened cakes mingled with oil, and unleavened wafers anointed with oil, and cakes mingled with oil, of fine flour, fried.
12. If the Peace-Offering be for thanksgiving, three kinds of cakes are to be brought with it; the difference between the first and third is not clearly indicated. On the consecration of Aaron and his sons (Exo 29:2; Exo 29:23; Lev 8:26) three kinds of cakes are ordered to be brought with the ram of consecration; the second and third of these are identical with the first and second of those here prescribed. This is shewn below in tabular form:
Lev 7:12 Exo 29:2; Exo 29:23 and Lev 8:26. unleavened bread (1) [49] one unleavened cake, ( a) unleavened cakes mingled with oil (2) one cake of oiled bread, ( b) unleavened wafers anointed with oil (3) one wafer, ( c) fine flour mixed [Into cakes mingled] with oil. of fine wheaten flour shalt thou make them. [49] Exo 29:23 has ‘one loaf of bread’ but as it is further described as ‘taken out of the basket of unleavened bread’ it is clear that the loaf is unleavened.
Now if the three kinds of cakes are the same on both occasions (which seems probable and is the traditional interpretation) then ( c) will be equivalent to (1) of Exodus 29 and Leviticus 8. Cp. the offering of the Nazirite (Num 6:15; Num 6:19).
The Heb. word murbeketh (here, Lev 6:21 and 1Ch 23:29 only) is rendered ‘ soaked ’ (‘ fried ’ A.V.), but probably means that the flour is well stirred together, as is done in making bread or pastry. The words which are in brackets in ( c) are not found in the LXX., and it may be that they have been accidentally repeated from ( a). The description of ( c) does not clearly distinguish it from ( a) whether the words be retained in the text or not.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
For a thanksgiving – i. e., a thank-offering for mercies received.
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
Verse 12. If he offer it for a thanksgiving] See the notes at the end of this chapter. See Clarke on Le 7:38.
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
For a thanksgiving; for mercies received. See Lev 22:29; 2Ch 29:31; 33:16.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
If he offer it for a thanksgiving,…. Which Jarchi restrains to the wonderful deliverances of seafaring persons, of travellers, and of such as have been confined in prison, or have laboured under violent diseases and disorders of body; and so Aben Ezra seems to understand it only of thanksgivings on account of being delivered out of distress; but it might be for the common mercies of life, or any particular mercy or instance of divine goodness a man was sensible of, and thought proper in this way to make an acknowledgment of it:
then he shall offer with the sacrifice of thanksgiving; which, if of the herd, was either a bullock or a cow; and if of the flock, was either a lamb or a goat;
unleavened cakes mingled with oil; ten of them, according to the Jewish writers; the measure of flour, of which they were made, were, as Jarchi says, five Jerusalem seahs or pecks, which were six of those used in the wilderness, and made twenty tenths or omers, an omer being the tenth part of an ephah d; the oil they were mingled with, as to the quantity of it, was half a log e; a fourth part of it was for the cakes, hastily baked, (said in the latter part of this verse to be fried,) an eighth part for those baked, (intended in this clause,) and an eighth part for the wafers next mentioned:
and unleavened wafers anointed with oil; these were a thinner sort of cakes, made without leaven as the others, but the oil was not mixed with the flour in the making of them, but put upon them when made, and therefore said to be anointed with it; there were also ten of these:
and cakes mingled with oil of fine flour fried; these were such as were hastily and not thoroughly baked, Le 6:21 or, as Jarchi and Ben Gersom, they were mixed and boiled with hot water, as much as was sufficient; or, according to Maimonides f, were fried in oil; and there were ten of these, in all thirty,
d Vid. Misn. Menachot, c. 7. sect. 1. & Bartenora in ib. e Maimon. Maaseh Hakorbanot, c. 9. sect. 20. f In Misn. Menachot, c. 9. sect. 3.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
Verses 12-21:
This text supplies further instruction concerning the ritual of the Peace Offering, chapter 3:1. There were three types of Peace Offerings:
1. Thank offerings, verses 12-15. These were offered as token of past blessings and mercies.
2. Votive offerings, verses 16-18. These differ from the thank offerings, in that they do not refer to any specific blessing received.
The thank offering must be eaten on the same day offered. The votive and the voluntary offerings might be eaten on the day following, but not the third day.
Special care was to be taken that no part of the Peace Offering be ceremonially defiled and made unclean. Any person who offered a Peace Offering of unclean flesh was to be immediately excommunicated.
The strict requirements of the Peace Offering typified the solemnity and importance of maintaining peace with God.
Fuente: Garner-Howes Baptist Commentary
(12) If he offer it for a thanksgiving.That is, acknowledgment of special mercies received from God, such as deliverance in travels, by land or sea, redemption from captivity, restoration to health, &c., enumerated in Psalms 107. It is to this sacrifice that the apostle alludes when he says, By him therefore let us offer the sacrifice of praise to God continually.
Then he shall offer with the sacrifice.That is, with the bullock or cow if it be from the herd, or a lamb or goat if it be from the flock (Lev. 3:1).
Unleavened cakes mingled with oil.From the fact that no mention is here made of the number of cakes or the quantity of oil, it is evident that this was left to the decision of the administrators of the laws and the spiritual guides of the people. The rule which obtained during the second Temple with regard to this offering was as follows :The offerer brought twenty tenths or pottles of fine flour; ten of them he made leavened and ten he left unleavened. He made the leavened into ten cakes, and of the ten that were unleavened he made thirty cakes. These thirty unleavened cakes, which were made with half a log of oil, were divided into three tens, and each ten was prepared in a different manner; that is, ten with an eighth of the oil were baked in the oven, ten with another eighth of the oil were made into wafers, and ten with a fourth of the oil were hastily fried. Of the forty cakes the priest received four, one of each sort, thus obtaining a tenth part.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
Lev 7:12. If he offer it for a thanksgiving The sacred writer now proceeds to speak of peace-offerings; which were of different sorts, and attended with different rites. They were either gratulatory, as here, or votive, or voluntary; see Lev 7:16. What we render for a thanksgiving, is, in the Hebrew, al todah, for confession or ascribing glory and praise to God for mercies received: Compare Heb 13:15. The ands in this verse, should be rendered by or; cakes mingled with oil, or unleavened wafersor cakes, &c.
Fuente: Commentary on the Holy Bible by Thomas Coke
Lev 7:12 If he offer it for a thanksgiving, then he shall offer with the sacrifice of thanksgiving unleavened cakes mingled with oil, and unleavened wafers anointed with oil, and cakes mingled with oil, of fine flour, fried.
Ver. 12. Unleavened cakes. ] There must be sincerity in all our services; for else God will not once look at them.
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
thanksgiving for special mercies received, as enumerated in Psa 107. This is the sacrifice alluded to in Heb 13:15.
sacrifice. Hebrew. zabah. App-43.
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
a thanksgiving: Lev 22:29, 2Ch 29:31, 2Ch 33:16, Neh 12:43, Psa 50:13, Psa 50:14, Psa 50:23, Psa 103:1, Psa 103:2, Psa 107:8, Psa 107:21, Psa 107:22, Psa 116:17, Jer 33:11, Hos 14:2, Luk 17:16, Luk 17:18, Rom 1:21, 2Co 9:11-15, Eph 5:20, Heb 13:15, 1Pe 2:5
unleavened wafers: Lev 2:4, Lev 6:16, Num 6:15
Reciprocal: Exo 23:18 – blood Exo 29:2 – wafers Num 18:20 – General Amo 4:5 – offer a sacrifice Amo 5:22 – peace offerings Joh 5:14 – in the
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Lev 7:12. If he offer it for a thanksgiving Hebrew, , gnal todah, for confession, it being accompanied with a public confession or acknowledgment of the mercies and deliverances which the offerer had received from God. And to this the apostle alludes, (Heb 13:15,) exhorting Christians to offer to God continually, through Christ, the sacrifice of praise; that is, says he, the fruit of our lips, giving thanks, , confessing to his name.
Fuente: Joseph Bensons Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
7:12 If he offer it for a {g} thanksgiving, then he shall offer with the sacrifice of thanksgiving unleavened cakes mingled with oil, and unleavened wafers anointed with oil, and cakes mingled with oil, of fine flour, fried.
(g) Peace offerings contain a confession and thanksgiving for a benefit received, and also a vow, and free offering to receive a benefit.