Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Leviticus 7:30
His own hands shall bring the offerings of the LORD made by fire, the fat with the breast, it shall he bring, that the breast may be waved [for] a wave offering before the LORD.
30. wave offering ] The offering was waved towards the altar and back, apparently to express symbolically that it was first given to God and then restored by Him to the priest for his use. See Appendix IV, pp. 183 ff.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
Wave-offering … heave-offering – The latter appears to be used (like qorban, Lev 1:2) for offerings in general. Waving (a moving to and fro, repeated several times) or heaving (a lifting up once) the offering was a solemn form of dedicating a thing to the use of the sanctuary.
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
Verse 30. Wave-offering] See Clarke on Ex 29:27.
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
After the beast was killed, and the parts of it divided, the priest was to put the parts mentioned into the hands of the offerer. See Exo 29:22-24.
Made by fire; so called not strictly, as burnt-offerings are, because some parts of these were left for the priest, Lev 7:31; but more largely, because even these peace-offerings were in part, though not wholly, burnt.
The breast may be waved to and fro by his hands, which were supported and directed by the hands of the priest.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
His own hands shall bring the offerings of the Lord made by fire,…. That is, such parts of the peace offerings as were to be burnt with fire, as the fat on several parts described in Le 3:3 the owners of the offerings were to bring them in the manner as will be presently observed:
the fat with the breast, it shall he bring; the fat to be burnt, and the breast for the priest and his sons, as in the following verse Le 7:31:
that the breast may be waved [for] a wave offering before the Lord; how this waving was performed, [See comments on Ex 29:24] particularly with respect to these peace offerings it was thus; if a thank offering, the priest takes of the bread brought with it one (cake) out of ten, and lays it with the breast, the shoulder, and the inwards, and waves all upon the hands of the owners; on which he puts the fat, then the breast and the shoulder above (i.e. upon the fat), then the two kidneys, and the caul, and the liver above them; and if there was any bread, he put it over them, and waved all, putting his hand under the hands of the owner s.
s Maimon. Maaseh Hakorbanot, c. 9. sect. 6, 7. so Ben Gersom in loc.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
His hands were to bring the firings of Jehovah, i.e., the portions to be burned upon the altar (Lev 1:9), viz., “ the fat (the fat portions, Lev 3:3-4) with the breast, ” – the former to be burned upon the altar, the latter “ to wave as a wave-offering before Jehovah.” , (lxx), i.e., according to Pollux, , pectusculum or pectus ( Vulg. cf. Lev 9:20-21; Lev 10:15), signifies the breast, the breast-piece of the sacrificial animals,
(Note: The etymology of the word is obscure. According to Winer, Gesenius, and others, it signifies adspectui patens; whilst Meier and Knobel regard it as meaning literally the division, or middle-piece; and Dietrich attributes to it the fundamental signification, “to be moved,” viz., the breast, as being the part moved by the heart.)
the brisket, which consists for the most part of cartilaginous fat in the case of oxen, sheep, and goats, and is one of the most savoury parts; so that at the family festivities of the ancients, according to Athen. Deipnos. ii. 70, ix. 10, were dainty bits. The breast-piece was presented to the Lord as a wave-offering ( tenuphah ), and transferred by Him to Aaron and his sons (the priests). , from , , to swing, to move to and fro (see Exo 35:22), is the name applied to a ceremony peculiar to the peace-offerings and the consecration-offerings: the priest laid the object to be waved upon the hands of the offerer, and then placed his own hands underneath, and moved the hands of the offerer backwards and forwards in a horizontal direction, to indicate by the movement forwards, i.e., in the direction towards the altar, the presentation of the sacrifice, or the symbolical transference of it to God, and by the movement backwards, the reception of it back again, as a present which God handed over to His servants the priests.
(Note: In the Talmud (cf. Gemar. Kiddush 36, 2, Gem. Succa 37, 2, and Tosaphta Menach. 7, 17), which Maimonides and Rashi follow, tenuphah is correctly interpreted ducebat et reducebat; but some of the later Rabbins (vid., Outram ut sup.) make it out to have been a movement in the direction of the four quarters of the heavens, and Witsius and others find an allusion in this to the omnipresence of God-an allusion which is quite out of character with the occasion.)
In the peace-offerings the waving was performed with the breast-piece, which was called the “ wave-breast ” in consequence (Lev 7:34; Lev 10:14-15; Num 6:20; Num 18:18; Exo 29:27). At the consecration of the priests it was performed with the fat portions, the right leg, and with some cakes, as well as with the breast of the fill-offering (Lev 8:25-29; Exo 29:22-26). The ceremony of waving was also carried out with the sheaf of first-fruits at the feast of Passover; with the loaves of the first-fruits, and thank-offering lambs, at the feast of Pentecost (Lev 23:11, Lev 23:20); with the shoulder and meat-offering of the Nazarite (Num 6:20); with the trespass-offering of the leper (Lev 14:12, Lev 14:24); with the jealousy-offering (Num 5:25); and lastly with the Levites, at their consecration (Num 8:11.). In the case of all these sacrifices, the object waved, after it had been offered symbolically to the Lord by means of the waving, became the property of the priests. But of the lambs, which were waved at the feast of Pentecost before they were slaughtered, and of the lamb which was brought as a trespass-offering by the leper, the blood and fat were given up to the altar-fire; of the jealousy-offering, only an azcarah ; and of the fill-offering, for special reasons, the fat portions and leg, as well as the cakes. Even the Levites were given by Jehovah to the priests to be their own (Num 8:19). The waving, therefore, had nothing in common with the porricere of the Romans, as the portions of the sacrifices which were called porriciae were precisely those which were not only given up to the gods, but burned upon the altars. In addition to the wave-breast, which the Lord gave up to His servants as their share of the peace-offerings, the officiating priest was also to receive for his portion the right leg as a terumah , or heave-offering, or lifting off. is the thigh in the case of a man (Isa 47:2; Son 5:15), and therefore in the case of an animal it is not the fore-leg, or shoulder ( , armus ), which is called , or the arm (Num 6:19; Deu 18:3), but the hind-leg, or rather the upper part of it or ham, which is mentioned in 1Sa 9:24 as a peculiarly choice portion ( Knobel). As a portion lifted off from the sacrificial gifts, it is often called “the heave-leg ” (v. 34; Lev 10:14-15; Num 6:20; Exo 29:27), because it was lifted or heaved off from the sacrificial animal, as a gift of honour for the officiating priest, but without being waved like the breast-piece-though the more general phrase, “to wave a wave-offering before Jehovah” (Lev 10:15), includes the offering of the heave-leg (see my Archaeologie i. pp. 244-5).
Fuente: Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament
(30) His own hands shall bring.This act the owner himself was to perform, and it was not to be deputed to any one else. The manner in which this rite was performed in the time of Christ was as follows:The offerer killed the sacrifice, and the priest sprinkled the blood. The victim was then flayed, and the officiating priest took out the inwards, cut the flesh into pieces, and separated the breast and the right shoulder. Whereupon he laid the fat first upon the owners hands, then the breast, then the shoulder above it; the two kidneys and the caul of the liver above them again, and the bread above the whole, put his own hand under that of the offerer, and waved it all before the Lord. Hereupon the priest salted the inwards, and burned them upon the altar. The breast and right shoulder, as well as the bread waved before the Lord, were eaten by him and his brother priests, whilst the remainder of the flesh and the rest of the bread were eaten by the owner and his friends. If two persons brought a peace offering in partnership, one of them waved for both; and if a woman brought it, the waving was performed by the officiating priest, since women were not allowed to wave except in the offering of jealousy and of a Nazarite (Num. 5:25; Num. 6:20).
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
30. A wave offering The rabbies say that the offering was laid upon the hands of the offerer. The priest, putting his hands beneath, moves the offering to and fro horizontally. But it is not certain from Exo 29:26-27 whether the waving was done by the offerer alone or by the help of the priest. The significance of this peculiar motion is doubtful. The rabbies say that it symbolically teaches that Jehovah is present in every quarter of the earth. The breast thus waved was eaten by the priest and his family.
Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
Lev 7:30 His own hands shall bring the offerings of the LORD made by fire, the fat with the breast, it shall he bring, that the breast may be waved [for] a wave offering before the LORD.
Ver. 30. His own hands. ] Teaching them that they must live by their own faith. Hab 2:5
May be waved.
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
His own hands: i.e. the owner or offerer.
wave offering. See note on Exo 29:27.
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
Exo 29:24-28, Num 6:20
own hands: Lev 3:3, Lev 3:4, Lev 3:9, Lev 3:14, Psa 110:3, Joh 10:18, 2Co 8:12
with the breast: Lev 8:27, Lev 9:21
Reciprocal: Lev 7:34 – the wave Lev 8:29 – General Lev 10:15 – heave shoulder Lev 23:20 – wave them Num 6:19 – put them Num 8:11 – offering Num 18:11 – the heave Deu 18:3 – offer a sacrifice
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
7:30 His own {m} hands shall bring the offerings of the LORD made by fire, the fat with the breast, it shall he bring, that the breast may be waved [for] a wave offering before the LORD.
(m) And should not send it by another.