Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Psalms 12:3
The LORD shall cut off all flattering lips, [and] the tongue that speaketh proud things:
3. Render: May Jehovah cut off &c. Cp. Psa 31:17-18.
proud things ] Lit. as R.V., great things; further defined in Psa 12:4.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
3, 4. The prayer for help passes into a prayer for the excision of these false-hearted braggarts. Cp. Psa 5:10.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
The Lord shall cut off – This might be rendered, May the Lord cut off, implying a wish on the part of the psalmist that it might occur. But probably the common rendering is the correct one. It is the statement of a solemn truth, designed for warning, that all such persons would be punished.
All flattering lips – The meaning is, that he will cut off all persons who use flattery; that is, he will cut them off from the favors which he will show to his own people, or will punish them. The word used here is the common one to denote disowning or excommunicating, and derives its meaning from the act of separating offenders from a community. See Gen 17:14; Lev 17:10; Lev 18:29; Lev 20:3, Lev 20:6; et soepe.
And the tongue that speaketh proud things – That boasts, or is self-confident. For an example of this, see Isa 28:15; and compare the notes at that passage. It was this disposition to falsehood, flattery, and boasting, which constituted the fact stated in Psa 12:1, that godly and faithful men – men on whom reliance might be placed, whose word might be trusted, and whose promised aid in the cause of truth might be depended on – had seemed to fail among men. That is, no such men could be found.
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
Psa 12:3-4
The Lord shall cut off all flattering lips.
The lawlessness of the tongue
The language of agitators is indicated in this text, of men who think to carry everything by free speech, a free press, and a free pulpit. God forbid that we should ever see the day when either of these three great agencies for enlightening, exciting, and directing human thought shall not be free. However much they may be abused, they are still the chief glory of a country. It is not to be denied, however, that they are abused. Instead of being used only for the defence of truth and right, they are often prostituted to stirring up the most fearful passions that can agitate the human breast; to array brother against brother, citizen against citizen, section against section, and Church against Church. You may remonstrate with the men so engaged, but the only answer you can obtain from them is likely to be, With our tongue will we prevail; our lips are our own; who is lord over us? They act as if freedom of speech implied the right to say whatever fancy may dictate, where it may dictate, when it may dictate, and as it may dictate. Hence the recklessness with which not only opinions, but characters and motives, are assailed. The right of free discussion is often indulged by its advocates, till they seem to have forgotten that men have any other rights. Nor is this lawlessness of tongue confined to partisan leaders, and to those in authority; it pervades and embitters private life. We meet, in every walk of society, persons who pride themselves on their fearlessness of speech, and who, in sheer wantonness, inflict wounds upon the characters and feelings of others that time can never heal. (David Caldwell, A. M.)
Flattery dangerous
The philosopher Bion, being asked what animal he thought the most hurtful, replied, That of wild creatures a tyrant, and of tame ones a flatterer. The flatterer is the most dangerous enemy we can have. Raleigh, himself a courtier, and therefore initiated into the whole art of flattery, who discovered in his own career and fate its dangerous and deceptive power, its deep artifice and deeper falsehood, says, A flatterer is said to be a beast that biteth smiling. But it is hard to know them from friends–they are so obsequious and full of protestations; for as a wolf resembles a dog, so doth a flatterer a friend. (The Book of Symbols.)
Our lips are our own.
Conversation
Thoughts, words, actions: these are the three activities in which our life is spent. The first and the last, as representing the inner and the outer life, are constant topics of religious teaching; but perhaps words, on account of their ambiguous character, as midway between thought and actions, have not received equal attention. To the thoughtless a word appears the most trivial of all things; what is it but a breath carried away on the air to be immediately extinguished? Yet, in truth, this activity is one of the great sides of life, in which we may either honour or dishonour God, in which we must display our own worth or unworth, and for which we shall at the last be either approved or rejected. Our conversation, indeed, is even more than this: it is a kind of index or epitome of our whole life; what we are in it, the same shall we be found to be in every other respect. It is to this effect that St. James says, If any man offend not in word, the same is a perfect man, and able also to bridle the whole body: and our Lord still more solemnly, By thy words shalt thou be justified, and by thy words thou shalt be condemned, as if nothing else required to be considered even at the final tribunal. Conversation is a daily, an hourly thing; it is continued from weeks end to weeks end, and from years end to years end; it goes on throughout life, from the time when the tongue of the child learns to babble the first words till the time when the old man eloquent is celebrating the days when he was young. It takes place in the house and by the way, where two or three are met together, and where crowds exchange their fleeting salutations. It passes between friend and friend, and between friend and foe, between neighbours and between strangers. There is no limit to the subjects which it may embrace. It takes in both the objects which present themselves to our observation in the places where we live, and those which are brought us by report from a distance. It ranges over the world invisible of thoughts and feelings, as well as the visible world of things and men. It moves easily from topic to topic, and may in an hour traverse a hundred subjects, passing from land to land in space, and from age to age in time. If the amount of our conversation could be represented to us visually it would astonish us. If it were printed, for instance, how many pages would an average talker fill in a single day? In a year it would amount to as many volumes as the collected works of a great author. In a lifetime it would fill a library. The mere bulk of this activity shows how momentous it is. But there are weightier considerations than this. Conversation is a forth-putting of the strength of the soul to produce an effect. It may be an effort of stupendous strength, or it may have no more force than the fall of a feather; for conversation, as an instrument of the mind, may be compared to those steam-hammers which can be worked either with such force as to grind an iron bar to powder, or with such gentleness as only to chip the shell of an egg. But whether the effort be great or small, that which it always aims at is an impression on another mind. Conversation is not the affair of one person, but always of, at least, two. It is perhaps the most direct and powerful means we have of influencing our fellow men. I put forth my hand and lay it on my neighbours person; but in so doing I am not touching him so closely as if I speak a sentence in his hearing. In the one case only our bodies touch; but in the other our souls touch. Conversation is the touching of souls. Souls never touch each other except for weal or woe. Every touch leaves a mark, which may be either a black mark or a point of splendour. No doubt the impressions made by conversation are generally minute. But all the impressions which we make in this way on different persons, when added together, amount to a great influence; and to those who for years are constantly hearing us speak we cannot but be doing much good or harm. One snow-flake is nothing; it melts away on the outstretched hand in a moment; but, flake by flake, the snow accumulates till it is the only thing visible in the landscape, and even boughs of the oak crack beneath its weight. And such is the cumulative influence of the conversation of a lifetime. (James Stalker, D. D.)
Who is Lord over us?—
The ideal Christianity
When we mistake our proprietorship we cease to be religious, and we give up the possibility of being religious. What is the first lesson in true Christian religion? The first lesson is that we are not our own, have no right, title, or claim to ourselves; we are branded; we have the burnt in mark upon us that we belong to Christ Jesus, that we are blood bought, that we are not our own; we have not a moment of time, not a single thought, energy, wish, will, desire, that is our own. That is the ideal Christianity, the very purpose and consummation of Christs priesthood, the tree meaning–that is, the large and complete meaning–of self-denial, saying No when anything within us claims to have an existence or right of its own. So long as we think that our lips are our own we shall speak what we please; when we begin to learn that our lips are not our own, nor our hands, nor feet, nor head, nor heart, we shall have but one question: Lord, what wilt Thou have me to do? Tell me, and give me strength to do it. That will be the day of jubilee, the morning of coronation. (Joseph Parker, D. D.)
Fuente: Biblical Illustrator Edited by Joseph S. Exell
Verse 3. Proud things] gedoloth, great things; great swelling words, both in their promises and in their commendations.
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
Or great things, or great words, either bragging or threatening what they will do, and what great things they will effect, to wit, by their tongues, as they themselves explain it in the next verse, which they will use so cunningly and powerfully, that they shall not need to use their hands, or strike a stroke.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
3, 4. Boasting (Da7:25) is, like flattery, a species of lying.
lips, and . . . tongueforpersons.
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
The Lord shall cut off all flattering lips,…. This is either a prophecy or a prayer, as Aben Ezra and Kimchi observe; that God either would or should cut off such who used flattery with their lips, by inflicting some judgment in this life, or everlasting punishment hereafter; by taking them away by death “out of the world”, as the Targum paraphrases it; or by casting them into hell, where all liars and deceitful persons will have their portion; see Job 32:21;
[and] the tongue that speaketh proud things, or “great things” f, as the little horn, Da 7:20; and the beast, or Romish antichrist, who is designed by both, Re 13:5; and which will be accomplished when Christ shall destroy him with the breath of his mouth, and the brightness of his coming; and indeed every tongue that riseth up against God, Christ, and his people, will be condemned; when ungodly sinners will be convinced of all their hard speeches, Isa 54:17 Jude 1:15. Perhaps some regard may be had to the tongue of Doeg the Edomite; see Ps 52:3.
f “magna”, Pagninus, Montanus, Vatablus, Piscator, Gejerus, Michaelis; “grandia”, Cocceius.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
(Heb.: 12:4-5) In this instance the voluntative has its own proper signification: may He root out (cf. Psa 109:15, and the oppositive Psa 11:6). Flattering lips and a vaunting tongue are one, insofar as the braggart becomes a flatterer when it serves his own selfish interest. refers to lips and tongue, which are put for their possessors. The Hiph. may mean either to impart strength, or to give proof of strength. The combination with , not , favours the former: we will give emphasis to our tongue (this is their self-confident declaration). Hupfeld renders it, contrary to the meaning of the Hiph.: over our tongue we have power, and Ewald and Olshausen, on the ground of an erroneous interpretation of Dan 9:27, render: we make or have a firm covenant with our tongue. They describe their lips as being their confederates ( as in 2Ki 9:32), and by the expression “who is lord over us” they declare themselves to be absolutely free, and exalted above all authority. If any authority were to assert itself over them, their mouth would put it down and their tongue would thrash it into submission. But Jahve, whom this making of themselves into gods challenges, will not always suffer His own people to be thus enslaved.
Fuente: Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament
To his complaint in the preceding verse he now subjoins an imprecation, that God would cut off deceitful tongues. It is uncertain whether he wishes that deceitful men may be utterly destroyed, or only that the means of doing mischief may be taken from them; but the scope of the passage leads us rather to adopt the first sense, and to view David as desiring that God, by some means or other, would remove that plague out of the way. As he makes no mention of malice, while he inveighs so vehemently against their envenomed tongues, we hence conclude, that he had suffered much more injury from the latter than from the former; and certainly falsehood and calumnies are more deadly than swords and all other kind of weapons. From the second clause of the third verse it appears more clearly what kind of flatterers they were of whom mention was made in the preceding verse: The tongue that speaketh great or proud things. Some flatter in a slavish and fulsome manner, declaring that they are ready to do and suffer any thing which they possibly can for our benefit. But David here speaks of another kind of flatterers, namely, those who in flattering proudly boast of what they will accomplish, and mingle base effrontery and threatening with their deceitful arts. He does not, therefore, speak of the herd of mean conceited persons among the common people who make a trade of flattering, that they may live at other people’s expense; (259) but he points his imprecation against the great calumniators of the court to which he was attached, (260) who not only insinuated themselves by gentle arts, but also lied designedly in boasting of themselves, and in the big and haughty discourse with which they overwhelmed the poor and simple. (261)
(259) “ Il ne parle donc pas d’un tas de faquins du commun peuple, qui sont estat de flatter pour avoir la lippee franche.” — Fr.
(260) “The occasion on which this psalm was composed is not expressed, but it is a sad complaint of the corrupt manners of that age, (especially of the court of Saul, 5:3,) in which it was hard to find an honest plain dealing man, in whom one might confide. Some think it aims partly at Doeg, and such like courtiers; partly at the Ziphires, and such perfidious people in the country, who, promising him their friendship, (as Theodoret understands it,) would have most basely betrayed him unto Saul, his declared enemy.” — Bishop Patrick’s Paraphrase on the Book of Psalms.
(261) “ Mais qui mentent plaisir en se vantans et tenans propos braves et hautains, desquels ils accablent les poures et simples.” — Fr.
Fuente: Calvin’s Complete Commentary
(3) The Lord shall.Translate, May Jehovah cut off.
Proud things.Literally, great things. Vulg., linguam magniloquam.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
3. Flattering lips tongue that speaketh proud things Two opposite characters, the dissembler and the self-confident boaster, alike abominable to God.
Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
‘YHWH will cut off all flattering lips,
The tongue that makes great boasts,
Who have said, ‘With our tongue will we prevail,
Our lips are our own, who is lord over us?’ ’
YHWH assures him in his heart that it will not always be so. Those who have flattering lips will be cut off, as will those with a boastful tongue. They thought they could speak as they liked, they thought that their powerful words would enable them to achieve their own selfish ends, they challenged the right of anyone to be lord over them, they thought that none could gainsay them. But they will inevitably be proved wrong. They will discover that there is indeed One Who is Lord over them.
Very much in mind here are those in authority or seeking authority, those seeking to win people by half-truths and downright lies. Those seeking to get their own way by the power of speech. Thus they speak and think arrogantly, prior to their inevitable downfall.
Fuente: Commentary Series on the Bible by Peter Pett
Psa 12:3. That speaketh proud things The Hebrew word gedoloth signifies great things, or great words; for the more artificial and dissembling a man is, the more he affects a pompous formality in his discourse, that he may the better deceive.
Fuente: Commentary on the Holy Bible by Thomas Coke
Psa 12:3 The LORD shall cut off all flattering lips, [and] the tongue that speaketh proud things:
Ver. 3. The Lord shall cut off all flattering lips ] As a rotten member is cut off from the body – Ne pars sincera trahatur, or as a barren tree is stocked up, that it cumber not the ground. There is a wonderful sympathy between princes and parasites, whose song is Mihi placet, quicquid regi placet, and whose practice is to speak suavia potius quam sans, sweet rather than sound things. But God will cut off such lips (taking notice of the offending member), as he dealt by Doeg, Ahithophel, Shebna, Shemaiah the Nehelamite, Jer 29:32 , and as it were to be wished that Christian princes would do; serving them all as the Thessalians did that city in Greece called K , or flattery, which they destroyed and pulled down to the ground (Hen. Steph. Apol. pro Herod.).
And the tougue that speaketh proud things
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
The tongue, &c. Quoted in Jam 3:5.
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
Psa 12:3-4
Psa 12:3-4
“Jehovah will cut off all flattering lips,
The tongue that speaketh great things;
Who hath said, With our tongue will we prevail;
Our lips are our own; who is lord over us?”
These lines are a promise that God will indeed intervene and “cut off” such an offensive society.
“Tongue that speaketh great things.” “Proud and lofty boastings are intended, as in Dan 7:20.
“With our tongues we will prevail.” “The wicked acknowledge no responsibility for their words.
“Our lips are our own.” This is merely the proud boast of the evil doers that they intend to do just as they please without any restraint whatever.
“Who is lord over us?” This is the attitude, whether openly stated or not, of every lawless society.
E.M. Zerr:
Psa 12:3. Flattery is a form of falsehood in that is seeks to make an impression that is not out of sincerity. The Lord will cut off all such speaking in the end. Speaketh proud things denotes a boasting of accomplishment beyond the facts.
Psa 12:4. These boastful persons relied on the power of their speech to accomplish their purposes. They boastfully claimed full control of their lips and said that no one could be lord over them.
Fuente: Old and New Testaments Restoration Commentary
cut: Job 32:22
tongue: Psa 17:10, Psa 73:8, Psa 73:9, Exo 15:9, 1Sa 2:3, 1Sa 17:43, 1Sa 17:44, 2Ki 19:23, 2Ki 19:24, Isa 10:10, Eze 28:2, Eze 28:9, Eze 29:3, Dan 4:30, Dan 4:31, Dan 7:8, Dan 7:25, Mal 3:13, 2Pe 2:18, Jud 1:16, Rev 13:5
proud: Heb. great, Pro 18:21
Reciprocal: Job 17:5 – He that Psa 5:9 – they Psa 31:18 – the lying Psa 36:3 – The words Psa 36:11 – foot Psa 50:19 – tongue Psa 94:23 – cut them Psa 140:11 – an evil speaker Pro 12:5 – counsels Pro 14:3 – the mouth Jer 9:4 – ye heed Jer 23:36 – for every Jer 43:2 – all the Mat 2:8 – that Act 24:2 – Seeing Rom 3:13 – with their 1Th 2:5 – used
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Psa 12:3. The Lord shall cut off all flattering lips All such as speak kind things to any one, at the same time that they mean quite the contrary in their hearts; and the tongue that speaketh proud things Hebrew, , gedoleth, great things, or, great words, boasting what they have done, or declaring, or threatening what they will do, and what great things they will effect, namely, with their tongues, as they themselves explain it in the next words.
Fuente: Joseph Bensons Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
David wished the Lord would end the flattery and arrogant claims of those around him. They confidently believed they could accomplish anything they chose to do by their lies and deception. They also repudiated any restraint of their free speech (cf. Jas 3:5).