Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of 2 Samuel 5:4
David [was] thirty years old when he began to reign, [and] he reigned forty years.
4. thirty years old ] The prime of life: the age at which the Levites entered upon their duties (Num 4:3): at which young men commenced to take part in public business in Greece: at which Joseph was made ruler over Egypt (Gen 41:46): at which Jesus Christ was “anointed with the Holy Ghost” in His Baptism, and began His public ministry (Luk 3:23).
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
4, 5. The compiler of Chronicles omits these verses here, but inserts the substance of them in 1Ch 29:27.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
The age of David is conclusive as to the fact that the earlier years of Sauls reign (during which Jonathan grew up to be a man) are passed over in silence, and that the events narrated from 1 Sam. 13 to the end of the book did not occupy more than 10 years. If David was 20 years old at the time he killed Goliath, four years in Sauls service, four years of wandering from place to place, one year and four months in the country of the Philistines, and a few months after Sauls death, would make up the 10 years necessary to bring him to the age of 30.
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
And some odd months, as it follows.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
David [was] thirty years old when he began reign,…. Over Judah, which was the age of his antitype Christ, when he entered upon his public ministry, Lu 3:23;
[and] he reigned forty years; and six months, as appears by 2Sa 5:5; but the months are not mentioned, only the round number of years given: two reasons the Jews a give for this; the one, that he fled six months from Absalom; the other is, that he was ill in Hebron so long, and therefore are not reckoned.
a Hieron. Trad. Heb. in lib. Reg. fol. 77. I.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
(4) Thirty years old.This statement of the age and of the length of the reign of David (which is repeated in 1Ch. 29:26-27, at the end of the history of Davids life) shows us approximately the length of time since the combat with Goliath as some ten or twelve years. It also proves that the greater part of Sauls reign is treated very briefly in 1 Samuel, and further shows that David was seventy years old at his death.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
4. Thirty years Age of full maturity, at which priests were consecrated. Num 4:3; Luk 3:23.
Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
(4) David was thirty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years. (5) In Hebron he reigned over Judah seven years and six months: and in Jerusalem he reigned thirty and three years over all Israel and Judah.
Was there not somewhat similar to our spiritual David in all this? Jesus entered on his public ministry at about the age of thirty. See Luk 3:23 . And as Hebron was the city of the priests, and Jerusalem the city of the kings, were not these shadowy representations of the gospel state? Jos 14:14-15 ; Rev 21:10 .
Fuente: Hawker’s Poor Man’s Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
2Sa 5:4 David [was] thirty years old when he began to reign, [and] he reigned forty years.
Ver. 4. David was thirty years old. ] So was Christ when he entered upon his kingdom, which he hath twofold: 1. Patientiae; of patience. 2. Potentiae, of power. Luk 3:22-23
And he reigned forty years.
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
thirty: Luk 3:23
forty: 1Ch 26:31, 1Ch 29:27
Reciprocal: Gen 41:46 – years 2Sa 2:11 – time 1Ki 1:1 – old 1Ki 2:11 – reigned over 1Ch 3:4 – there he reigned Heb 11:33 – through
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
2Sa 5:4-5. David was thirty years old when he began to reign At this age the Levites were at first appointed to begin their ministrations, Num 4:3. About this age the Son of David entered upon his public ministry, Luk 3:23. And it is the age when men come to their full maturity of strength and judgment. In Jerusalem he reigned thirty and three years By this it appears it was immediately after his third unction that he made the attempt upon Jerusalem, mentioned in the next verse, otherwise he could not have reigned there so long.