Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Micah 7:2
The good [man] is perished out of the earth: and [there is] none upright among men: they all lie in wait for blood; they hunt every man his brother with a net.
2. The good man ] More fully rendered, ‘The pious man,’ he who makes love his rule of action love to God and love to man. ‘The idea of khsdh is not passive [he who experiences grace or love], for God Himself is called khsdh, Psa 145:17, but he who exercises khesedh (Pro 11:17), i.e. makes men, according to God’s will, and God Himself (comp. Jon 2:8, Psa 144:2) ‘the object of his loving endeavours’ (Delitzsch on Psa 16:10). Observe, ‘The pious man,’ not ‘pious men’ is the phrase employed, ‘indicating the fewness and isolation of these Abdiels.’ There is a striking parallel to the first half of this verse in Isa 57:1, ‘The righteous perisheth, and no man taketh it to heart, and men of piety are gathered,’ &c. Both passages must have been written in time of persecution.
they all lie in wait for blood ] Not merely persecution, but anarchy seems to have been the order of the day: at least the rich and powerful were under no legal restraint; they did that which was right in their own eyes. Similar circumstances are described in many of the Psalms (see e. g. Psa 10:8-9).
every man his brother ] Although, as children of Abraham, they ought to love each other; comp. Lev 19:18.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
The, good – or godly, or merciful, the English margin
Man – The Hebrew word contains all. It is he who loveth tenderly and piously God, for His own sake, and man, for the sake of God. Mercy was probably chiefly intended, since it wits to this that the prophet had exhorted, and the sins which he proceeds to speak of, are against this. But imaginary love of God without love of man, or love of man without the love of God, is mere self-deceit. Is perished out of the earth, that is, by an untimely death. The good had either been withdrawn by God from the evil to come Isa 57:1, or had Leon cut off by those who laid wait for blood; in which case their death brought a double evil, through the guilt which such sin contracted, and then, through the loss of those who might be an example to others, and whose prayers God would hear. The loving and upright, all, who were men of mercy and truth, had ceased. They who were left, all lie in wait for blood, literally, bloods , that is, bloodshedding; all, as far as man can see; as Elijah complains that he was left alone.
Amid the vast number of the wicked, the righteous were as though they were not. Isaiah, at the same time, complains of the like sins, and that it was as though there were none righteous; Your hands are defiled with blood, and your fingers with iniquity; your lips hate spoken lies, your tongue hath muttered perverseness. None calleth for justice, nor any pleadeth for truth Isa 59:2-3. Indirectly, or directly, they destroyed life . To violence they add treachery. The good and loving had perished, and all is now violence; the upright had ceased, and all now is deceit. They hunt every man his brother with a net. Every man is the brother of every man, because he is man, born of the same first parent, children of the same Father: yet they lay wait for one another, as hunters for wild beasts (Compare Psa 35:7; Psa 57:7; Psa 140:6; Jer 5:26).
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
Mic 7:2-6
The good man is perished out of the earth
The wail of a true patriot over the moral corruption of his country
He bemoans–
I.
The departure of excellence from his country. The good man is perished out of the earth. Probably they had emigrated to distant lands, perhaps they had gone into eternity. Goodmen are the lights of the world. Their influence penetrates the mass as salt, counteracts its tendency to corruption, removes its moral insipidity, gives it a new spirit–a spirit pungent and savoury.
II. The rampancy of avarice in this country.
1. The working amongst the general community. To get wealth for themselves was with them such a furious passion that the rights and lives of others were disregarded.
2. Its working amongst the higher classes. That they may do evil with broth hands earnestly, the prince asketh, and the judge asketh for a reward; and the great man, he uttereth his mischievous desire: so they wrap it up. The idea seems to be this: that the great man, the prince, for some corrupt motive, seeks the condemnation of some innocent person; and the judge, for a bribe, gratifies his wish. A judge from avarice will pronounce an innocent man guilty. All this is done very industriously, with two hands. Possible, lest some event should start up to thwart them; and when it is done they wrap it up. So they wrap it up. Avarice, like all sinful passions, seeks to wrap up its crimes.
III. The mischievousness of the best in his country. The best of them is as a briar; the most upright is sharper than a thorn hedge. There is a gradation of wickedness of the men in the country, but the best of them is like a prickly thorn, and worse than a thorn hedge. The prophet is so struck with this, that the thought of retribution takes hold of him, and he says, The day of thy watchmen and thy visitation cometh: now shall be their visitation. Another thing which the patriot here bemoans is–
IV. The lack of truthfulness in the country. Trust ye not in a friend, put ye not confidence in a guide, etc. Place no faith in a companion; trust not a familiar friend; from her that lieth in thy bosom guard the doors of thy mouth. For the son despiseth the father, the daughter riseth up against her mother, the daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law, a mans enemies are the members of his own family.–Henderson. All social faith was gone; a man had lost all confidence in his brother. Social scepticism and suspicion prevailed in all circles. No faith was to be put in a friend. (Homilist.)
The lack of good men
These words are the cause of the prophets sorrow. So deep a concern it was, that the words of Mic 7:1 may signify not only mourning but howling. It arises from the scarcity of men truly good. Such a passion as this for the want of good men became the prophet in all capacities, as a man, as a subject, and as a prophet. As a man, he could not but be concerned to see a nation of men so changed and degenerated by vice and luxury. As a subject, he could but consider what misery would suddenly betide the nation, for want of goodness and religion. As a prophet, he could but note how they slighted his errand, and were sturdy and resolute in their vices.
I. Wherein the goodness of this good man, the prophet mentions, did express itself. The Christian Church, as well as the prophet, may justly bewail her barren Christians, and the scarcity of men truly good. We call ourselves saints and elect, but where is the patience, the temper, and the spirit of them? Let our religion be never so primitive and apostolical, except it makes us really good it is but wrangling hypocrisy and noise.
1. True goodness doth express itself in plainness and sincerity in all our respective dealings with men.
2. Goodness expresses itself in the exercise of good nature, and charitable allowances for the errors of others.
3. The good man is of a spirit truly public, whose care and attention looks abroad.
4. The good man takes up religion only to serve a spiritual purpose. Religion without this good purpose is only fashion or faction, hypocrisy and formality, superstition or interest.
II. What grew up and prevailed in the prophets time in the place of true religion or goodness.
1. Superstition and false religion, which naturally produce trouble and disquiet in all governments.
2. Wicked lives in the professors of the true religion, which will surely cause misery and ruin in a nation.
3. Atheistical persuasions prevailed, or there was no religion at all.
III. What particular reasons may move us to bewail the want of real goodness.
1. The want of it is the principal cause of our distractions about religion.
2. Real goodness is the best way to unite us among ourselves. Real goodness purges our judgment, removes our prejudices. (Gregory Hascard, D. D.)
Ancient and modern pessimism
When we ourselves are down it is hard to believe that anybody else is up; when our prayer is choked in our throat it is easy to believe that God hears no prayer at all, nor cares for petitioning and supplicating men. We interpret all things by ourselves. There is a curious self-projection of the soul upon the disc of history, and we read according to the shadow which we throw upon that disc. This is what we call pessimism. We are always inventing strange words, and imagining that thereby we are making some kind of progress. Man has a fatal gift of giving names to things, and once give a name and it will be almost impossible to obliterate it. We call this pessimism,–that is, seeing all the wickedness, and none of the goodness; seeing all the darkness, and none of the light; seeing the utter desolation of all things, and not seeing in all the wilderness one green blade, one tiny flower, or hearing in the grim silence one trill of lark or soft note of thrush or nightingale. There are persons gifted with the genius of darkness. It may do us good to visit them occasionally; but on the whole it is better to live in the sunshine, and to hear the music, and to come under the influence of intelligent vivacity and cheerfulness. If people will shut themselves up in their own little houses–for the biggest house is little, the palace is a mere hut–and never keep any company but their own, they will go down. It is so ecclesiastically. There are persons who never see the universe except through their own church window, and as no window is as big as the horizon, there steals insidiously upon the mind a disposition to deny the existence of the horizon itself. It is so with reading. There are those who read only a certain set of books. They go down; there is no mental range, no scope, no variety, no mystery of colour, no hopefulness, no imagination. The very earth needs to have its crops changed. If you will go on growing the same crops you will cease to have any crop that is worth gathering. There is, on the other hand, what is termed optimism. That is the exact contrary of pessimism. Optimism sees the best of everything. There is a danger along that line also; the danger is that we may not be stern enough, real enough, penetrating enough, going into the heart and inmost fibre of things to find out reality and truth, how bad or good soever the case may be. (Joseph Parker, D. D.)
Fuente: Biblical Illustrator Edited by Joseph S. Exell
Verse 2. The good man is perished out of the earth] A similar sentiment may be found, Ps 12:1; Isa 57:1. As the early fig of excellent flavour cannot be found in the advanced season of summer, or a choice cluster of grapes after vintage, so neither can the good and upright man be discovered by searching in Israel. This comparison, says Bp. Newcome, is beautifully implied.
They hunt every man his brother with a net.] This appears to be an allusion to the ancient mode of duel between the retiarius and secutor. The former had a casting net, which he endeavoured to throw over the head of his antagonist, that he might then despatch him with his short sword. The other parried the cast; and when the retiarius missed, he was obliged to run about the field to get time to set his net in right order for another throw. While he ran, the other followed, that he might despatch him before he should be able to recover the proper position of his net; and hence the latter was called secutor, the pursuer, as the other was called retiarius, or the net man. I have explained this before on Job, and other places; but because it is rarely noticed by commentators, I explain the allusion here once more. Abp. Newcome by not attending to this, has translated ish eth achihu yatsudu cherem, “They hunt every man his brother for his destruction;” though he put net in the margin.
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
The good man; who loves and is kind to men in need, and is so from the sense of Gods goodness, and in a designed imitation of God, is godly in the frame of his heart and course of life towards God, and beneficent to men for Gods sake.
Is perished; is dead and gone, and left no heir of his godlike virtues.
Out of the earth; out of Israel and Judah too, though Hezekiah was (probably) now their king.
None upright; an honest, plain-hearted man, who thinketh no deceit, but speaketh the truth, that is, without crooked and perverse designs; such a one may possibly, but not easily, be found among the people of the ten anti of the two tribes.
They all lie in wait for blood: this proves the prophets charge against this people, for the good and upright man imagineth not evil against any, but it is evident that in Israel (and Judah too) the temper of the most was sly, designing, and watching to do mischief, to the ruining of families, the murdering of. innocents, and seizing their estates, Ahab like, 1Ki 21; Pr 1:19.
They hunt; they proceed with all diligence, craft, and power, as a hunter that hath set his toils, and is now by all his arts endeavouring to bring the prey into the toils, that he may make his advantage by it.
Every man his brother; were they strangers they so hunted it were barbarous, but this is inhumanly barbarous, these bloody men hunt and destroy their brethren, the seed of Jacob, the worshippers of the God of Jacob, their own circumcised brethren.
With a net; which is spread beforehand, and laid close; so it is secret, premeditated cruelty and rapine they do universally exercise against each other.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
2. The Hebrew expresses”one merciful and good in relation to man,” ratherthan to God.
is perished out of the earth(Ps 12:1).
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
The good [man] is perished out of the earth,…. Here the prophet expresses in plain words what he had before delivered in figurative terms. The “good” or “godly” man, as in Ps 12:1; is one that has received the grace of God, and blessings of grace from him, and lives a godly life and conversation; who has the good work of grace begun in him and is found in the performance of good works, and does his duty both to God and man from godly principles; and particularly is kind and merciful to the poor and needy, and those in distress. The complaint is, that there were few, or scarce any, of this character in the earth, in the land of Israel, where there used to be great numbers of them, but now they were all dead and gone; for this is to be understood, not of the perishing of their graces or comforts, much less of their perishing in their sins, or perishing eternally, but of their corporeal death:
and [there is] none upright among men; that are upright in heart and life; that have right spirits renewed in them, are Israelites indeed, in whom there is no guile; and walk uprightly, according to the rule of the divine word, truly honest, faithful men; very few such were to be found, scarce any; see Ps 12:1;
they all lie in wait for blood; for the substance, wealth, and riches of men, which is as their blood and life; is their livelihood, that on which they live; this they wait for an opportunity to get from them, and, when it offers, greedily seize it; and stick not even to shed blood, and take away life, for the sake of gain:
they hunt every man his brother with a net; as men lay nets for fish, and fowl, and beasts, and hunt them till they have got them into them; so these men laid snares, not for strangers only, but for their own brethren, to entangle them in, and cheat and defraud them of their substance; and this they would do, even to the destruction of them, as some s render it; for the word also signifies “anathema”, destruction, as well as a “net”. So the Targum.
“betray or deliver his brother to destruction.”
s “ad necem”, Tigurine version; “anathema, caedes”, Drusius; “ad occasuinem”, ibid.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
“The godly man has disappeared from the earth, and there is no more a righteous man among men. All lie in wait for blood, they hunt every man his brother with the net. Mic 7:3. Their hands are after evil, to make it good. The prince asks, and the judge is for reward; and the great man, he speaks the evil of his soul: and they twist it together.” The grape and the early fig signify the good and the righteous man. is not the God-fearing man, but, according to the context, the man who cherishes love and fidelity. , not “to have perished,” but to be lost, to have disappeared. , not “out of the land,” but, as the parallel shows, from the earth, out of the world. For the fact itself, compare Psa 12:2 and Isa 57:1. They all lie in wait for blood, i.e., not that they all go about committing murder, but simply that they set their minds upon quarrels, cheating, and treachery, that they may rob their neighbour of his means of existence, so that he must perish (cf. Mic 3:2-3; Mic 2:1-2); at the same time, even murderous thoughts are not excluded. The same thing is implied in the hunting with the net. , the brother, is the fellow-countryman (for this figure, compare Psa 10:9; Psa 35:7-8, etc.). In Mic 7:3 the words from to are not to be joined to what follows so as to form one sentence. Such a combination is not only opposed to the accents, but is at variance with the structure of the whole verse, which consists of several short clauses, and it does not even yield a natural thought; consequently Ewald proposes to alter the text ( ). is hardly the inf. hiph. “to do evil,” but most likely a noun with the article, “the evil;” and the thought is therefore either “both hands are (sc., busy) with evil,” or “both hands are stretched out to evil,” to make it good, i.e., to carry out the evil well ( as in Jer 2:33), or to give evil such a form that it shall appear to be good, or right. This thought is then made special: the prince, the judge, and the great man, i.e., the rich man and mighty man (Lev 19:15; 1Sa 25:2), weave a thing to make evil good. , to weave, to twist together, after , twist or string. The subject to is to be found in the three classes already named, and not merely in the judge and the great man. There is just as little reason for this limitation as for the assumption that the great man and the prince are one person. The way in which the three twist the thing or the evil plan together is indicated in the statements of the three previous clauses. The prince asks, sc. for the condemnation of a righteous or innocent man; and the judge grants this for recompense against compensation; and the rich man co-operates by speaking havvath napsho . Havvah in most passages is universally allowed to signify hurt, mischief, destruction; and the only question is, whether this meaning is to be traced to = , to breathe (Hupfeld on Psa 5:10), or to , to occur, an occurrence, then specially an evil occurrence (Hengstenberg, Diss. on the Pentateuch, vol. i. p. 252). Only in Pro 10:3 and the passage before us is havvah said to signify desire in a bad sense, or evil lust. But, as Caspari has shown, the meaning is neither necessary nor established in either of these two passages. In Pro 10:3 the meaning aerumna activa aliisque inferenda is quite sufficient; and C. B. Michaelis has adopted it for the present passage: “The great man speaks the mischief of his soul,” i.e., the injury or destruction of another, for which he cherishes a desire. Nephesh, the soul as the seat of desire. is not introduced to strengthen the suffix attached to , “of his, yea of his soul” (Ewald, Hitzig, Umbreit); for not only are the accents against this, but also the thought, which requires no such strengthening. It is an emphatic repetition of the subject haggadol . The great man weaves evil with the king and judge, by desiring it, and expressing the desire in the most open manner, and thereby giving to the thing an appearance of right.
Fuente: Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament
In the second verse he expresses more clearly his mind, Perished, he says, has the righteous (182) from the land, and there is none upright (183) among men. Here now he does not personify the land. It was indeed a forcible and an emphatic language, when he complained at the beginning, that he groaned as though the land was ashamed of its dearth: but the Prophet now performs the office of a teacher, Perished, he says, has the righteous from the land; there is no one upright among men; all lay in wait for blood; every one hunts his brother as with a net In this verse the Prophet briefly shows, that all were full both of cruelty and perfidy, that there was no care for justice; as though he said, In vain are good men sought among this people; for they are all bloody, they are all fraudulent. When he says, that they all did lay in wait for blood, he no doubt intended to set forth their cruelty, as though he had said, that they were thirsting for blood. But when he adds, that each did lay in wait for their brethren, he alludes to their frauds or to their perfidy.
We now then perceive the meaning of the Prophet: and the manner he adopts is more emphatical than if God, in his own name, had pronounced the words: for, as men were fixed, and as though drowned, in their own carelessness, the Prophet introduces here the land as speaking, which accuses its own children, and confesses its own guilt; yea, it anticipates God’s judgment, and acknowledges itself to be contaminated by its own inhabitants, so that nothing pure remained in it. It follows —
(182) Justus, rendered in the text humanus, vel, mansuetus The Hebrew is חסיר, rendered by the Septuagint “ ευσβης —godly, pious,”—by Marckius, “ benignus — kind, benignant,” — by Newcome, “the good man,” — and by Henderson, “the pious.” It is sometimes rendered holy; but its meaning is, kind, benevolent, merciful, actively good, beneficent. In Psa 12:1, it is rendered “godly,” and in Isa 57:1, “merciful.” — Ed.
(183) Rectus , ישר, rendered by the Septuagint, “ κατορθων —one going straight to an object,”—by Newcome and Henderson, “upright.” It is one who proceeds in a straight course according to the rule of the law, without making any windings or turning aside into any devious path. — Ed.
Fuente: Calvin’s Complete Commentary
(2) With a net.The net, which in the Hebrew term comes from a verb meaning to shut up, was used both by the fisherman and the fowler. They lay wait for one another, as hunters for wild beasts.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
Mic 7:2 The good [man] is perished out of the earth: and [there is] none upright among men: they all lie in wait for blood; they hunt every man his brother with a net.
Ver. 2. The good man is perished out of the earth ] Heb. The saint, or, gracious man, that out of mercy obtained from God, can extend mercy to men. Rari quippe boni. Of such it may be said, as one doth of faithful friends in this age, that they are all (for the most part) gone on pilgrimage; and their return is uncertain.
And there is none upright among men
“ Sed nec Brutus erit, Bruti nec avunculus usquam ”( Juven.).
They all lie in wait for blood
They hunt every man his brother with a net
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
good = gracious.
men = mankind. Hebrew. ‘adam. App-14.
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
good: or, godly, or, merciful
is perished: Psa 12:1, Psa 14:1-3, Isa 57:1, Rom 3:10-18
they all: Pro 1:11, Pro 12:6, Isa 59:7, Jer 5:16
hunt: 1Sa 24:11, 1Sa 26:20, Psa 57:6, Jer 5:26, Jer 16:16, Lam 4:18, Hab 1:15-17
Reciprocal: Gen 10:9 – a mighty Gen 34:13 – deceitfully Exo 21:13 – lie not Deu 27:25 – General Jdg 16:6 – General 2Sa 20:9 – Art thou 1Ki 19:10 – thrown down 2Ch 36:14 – all the chief Job 15:34 – the tabernacles Psa 10:9 – He lieth Psa 59:3 – they Psa 82:8 – Arise Psa 120:5 – Woe Pro 12:12 – desireth Pro 20:6 – but Isa 9:17 – for every Isa 9:19 – no man Isa 32:7 – deviseth Isa 59:3 – your hands Isa 59:4 – calleth Isa 59:15 – truth Jer 6:7 – violence Jer 7:28 – truth Jer 8:6 – no Jer 9:2 – an assembly Jer 11:9 – General Eze 7:23 – for Eze 11:6 – General Eze 22:12 – taken gifts Eze 24:6 – Woe Hos 4:1 – no truth Hos 4:2 – swearing Hos 5:1 – ye have Hos 6:8 – polluted with blood Hos 12:7 – he loveth Amo 2:7 – pant Mic 6:12 – the rich Hab 1:4 – for Zec 11:6 – deliver Mal 2:10 – why Mal 2:16 – covereth Act 24:9 – General Eph 4:14 – lie
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Mic 7:2. Dropping the figures, the prophet uses literal language and explains that there is scarcely a good man. Most of them have taken to murder and treachery and to the de-frauding of the righteous out of their rightful possessions.
Fuente: Combined Bible Commentary
7:2 The good [man] is perished out of the earth: and [there is] none upright among men: {b} they all lie in wait for blood; they hunt every man his brother with a net.
(b) He shows that the prince, the judge, and the rich man are all linked together to do evil, and to disguise the deeds of one another.
Fuente: Geneva Bible Notes
The prophet, using hyperbole, said he could find no faithful godly (Heb. hasid, from hesed; cf. Hos 4:1-2) or morally and ethically upright people (evidently rulers, cf. Mic 7:3) in the land. Obviously there were some righteous, including Isaiah, but by overstating his case he made his point: there were very few. All of them seemed to wait for the opportunity to advance their own interests, even resorting to violence and bloodshed to do so (cf. Mic 3:10; Mic 6:12). They behaved like hunters waiting to snare unsuspecting birds in their nets.